Every manager has “problem workers.” These are the employees who don’t work to their full potential, foul up every task you give them, are too cautious or too slow. Don’t give up on them. There are things you can do to improve their performance.

- Stack the deck in their favor. Some unproductive workers don’t try hard because they have no self-confidence and are afraid to fail. Give these employees one task you know they can do. Then, give them another. After each success, provide praise and recognition. Build confidence project-by-project.

- Find out if the employee is afraid of being promoted. More common than you might think, this keeps some employees from reaching their potential. Afraid of more responsibility, risk or having to manage others, treasure these employees. Give them more responsibilities within their area of expertise. Let them know you’re happy with them right where they are but want them to be the best they can be within their comfort zone.

- Don’t confuse the employee with his/her behavior. Before reacting, ask yourself: Has this employee always behaved this way or is what I’m seeing new? If the employee’s behavior is atypical, start looking for causes. Are there problems at home? Are they depressed? Do they have a substance abuse problem? Some employees, by not performing, call out for help. Help them now and they’ll be there for you later.